Electrical Installations

What are electrical installations?

Electrical installations are a set of elements, systems and devices that allow the supply, distribution and use of electrical energy in hotels, residential, hospitals, industry and other infrastructures.

Objectives and main functions of electrical installations.

This type of installations is part of the basis of any hotel, residential or singular project, and this is the main reason why ESTEL has made this branch one of our main axes.
Throughout our history we have specialized in different fields ranging from low voltage to the most innovative power generation systems on the market. We are able to fully develop electrical installations in any project and in any corner of the world.

Importance of electrical installations in the hotel sector

When we talk about the hotel sector, electrical installations require extra experience in terms of regulations and design because we are talking about installations with maximum scope and requirements, together with the fact that we are talking about an industry where millions of customers and their families spend the year and here any detail, no matter how small, is very important.

At ESTEL, when we focus on the design of electrical installations, we are at the top of the list of leading companies in the hotel sector worldwide. This is the result of our own demand where at the project level we not only think about the correct sizing and the customer’s life experience with these facilities, but we also think and design the facilities from the sensitivity that has been generated in recent years both by the consumer and by us, in terms of sustainability.

This is the reason why the projects that come out of our organization, the efficiency is calculated down to the last detail both thinking about the consumer and the property, which in addition to helping the environment with a well dimensioned installation, will see how their costs are reduced to a minimum by significantly improving the efficiency of the system

Basic Components of an Electrical Installation

Electrical conductors: types, materials and characteristics.

Within the electrical installations there are different types of electrical conductors with variants according to the material, the type of insulation and their use.

First, we can divide them according to their use, which can be low, medium or high voltage. This will depend on the voltage range.

On the other hand, the type of material in conductors can be copper or aluminium, where the difference is that aluminium is more economical, and is used for installations with medium and high voltages.

As for the type of insulation we can differentiate: 750V, 0.6/1kV, 12/20, 18/30kV. These can have a PVC, XPLE or RV-V FOC covering.

Protection and control elements: circuit breakers, fuses, differentials, etc.

These elements are essential to ensure the proper functioning of electrical systems. They include circuit breakers, which protect the electrical installation against overloads or short circuits. It depends on the amperage and the curve.

On the other hand, differential switches are responsible for interrupting the current when a fault, leakage or shunt is detected. Their type depends on sensitivity and amperage.

The main function of fuses is to protect the circuit against overvoltage. Their type depends on the amperage.

Electrical consumption devices: luminaires, sockets, motors, etc.

We can find different types of consumption devices such as luminaires (light bulbs, LEDs, outdoor spotlights, pegs…), sockets such as plugs, and motors and compressors (water pumps, air conditioning machines…).

Electrical panels: By means of protection elements.

Previously described, the electrical panels protect the electrical installation of a house, hotel and any infrastructure.

Types of Electrical Installations

Residential electrical installations

Control electrical installations

Commercial electrical installations

Industrial electrical installations

  • The types of installations are divided into low voltage, medium voltage and high voltage. Depending on the magnitude of the industry we can classify it into high, medium and low voltage.
  • Low voltage refers to the voltage range that does not exceed 1,000 volts in alternating current and 1,500 volts in direct current. This voltage level can be found in residential and commercial and control electrical installations.
  • Medium voltage refers to the intermediate voltage range, from 1,000V to 36,000V. This voltage level is mainly used in power distribution in urban, suburban and industrial areas.
  • Finally, high voltage, which operates at voltages above 36,000V. This voltage level is mainly used for the transmission of electricity over long distances, thus minimizing losses during transport.

Regulations and Safety in Electrical Installations

Electrical installations must comply with demanding regulations and standards that vary from country to country. These regulate aspects such as safety, quality of materials and correct execution of installations.

Some examples of low voltage regulations:

  • IEC 60364: International standard for low voltage electrical installations.
  • National Standards: Each country may have its own specific regulations, such as the Low Voltage Electrotechnical Regulation (REBT) in Spain.

 

Example of some high voltage rules:

  • IEC 60071: Coordination of insulation and sizing of high voltage equipment.
  • IEEE C37.100: Standards for switchgear and protection equipment.
  • National Standards: Country-specific regulations for the installation and operation of high voltage systems.

 

Some standards and regulations on medium voltage:

  • IEC 62271: International standards for high voltage switchgear and control equipment.
  • National Standards: Each country may have specific regulations for the installation and operation of medium voltage systems, such as the Mexican Official Standards (NOM) in Mexico, or the IEEE regulations in the United States.

There are 5 basic rules to follow when performing electrical work:

  1. Disconnection of the power supply and effective cut-off.
  2. Lockout or lockout and signalling to prevent reconnection.
  3. Verify the absence of voltage.
  4. Short-circuit and grounding.
  5. Protection and signalling of the work area.

The authorized electrical installer is the one who certifies that the electrical installation complies with the regulations and conforms to the legal requirements.

Maintenance and Repair of Electrical Installations

Periodic inspections and preventive maintenance

At ESTEL we have a business line in charge of carrying out revisions and maintenance of the installations, EstelSat, which offers 24/7 service.

Performing periodic reviews of electrical installations can prevent future failures and outages, reducing the additional cost that this entails.

Detection and resolution of common electrical faults

The most common problem that usually arises in electrical installations is the short circuit of fuses or that some protection element has been overloaded.

Importance of hiring a professional electrician

To ensure that repairs comply with regulations and standards, we must hire a professional electrician for both installation and repairs.


Consideraciones Adicionales

Energy efficiency in electrical installations

To achieve energy efficiency, one of the most important things is to design and plan how and with what materials the electrical installation will be made. This will increase the energy efficiency and durability of the components. It is also very important the installation of efficient technological systems, to reduce pollution and energy optimization. An example can be the installation of appliances with high performance and low consumption. Implementing control and automation systems also helps energy efficiency, since we will have the possibility of turning on the devices when necessary, being sustainable and achieving energy savings.


Renewable energies in electrical installations

An important point in the field of electrical installations is the electrical supply in the hotel sector. From ESTEL we have a supply service generated from the needs of our customers, where we can install co or trigeneration plants near their facilities to save them a lot of money by not depending on external substations that are often far away from their hotels. At the same time, we improve the efficiency of the whole by making much better use of the residual energies of the electricity production, which has a direct impact on the cost reduction.

The future of electrical installations: home automation

Home automation is the set of intelligent elements for both residential and hotels, industry, hospitals, etc. that allow us to automate the control and operation of some elements of the installation. There is the possibility of automating from the opening of blinds to the control of the electrical consumption of a hotel room.

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